President Trump’s push to impose tariffs on imported medicines is drawing sharp criticism, with health experts, lawmakers, and industry leaders warning the move could drive up drug prices, worsen shortages, and spark voter backlash ahead of the 2026 midterms.
The Trump administration launched a national security investigation this week under Section 232 — a tool previously used for steel and autos — to explore tariffs on foreign-made drugs. Trump claims the plan will encourage drugmakers to bring manufacturing back to the U.S., blaming countries like China and Ireland for “taking” American pharmaceutical production.
Nevertheless, experts say reshoring drug manufacturing is a years-long, costly process unlikely to be fixed with tariffs. Instead, they warn the levies could lead to higher costs for patients, especially for generics made in China and India, and deepen ongoing drug shortages.
Democrats are already hitting back. In a letter to the administration, Reps. Doris Matsui and Brad Schneider called the move “reckless,” saying it could harm patients and force doctors into dangerous rationing decisions. Americans filled billions of prescriptions last year — making any price hike politically risky.
Tariffs may also strain ties with allies like the EU and India and jeopardize foreign investment in countries like Ireland, a major hub for U.S. drug companies.
Industry groups have urged exemptions for critical medications. Some companies, like Eli Lilly, say they may absorb the costs — but at the expense of jobs or R&D.
Trump has long championed tariffs as a way to protect American industry. But unlike steel or lumber, where price hikes are less visible, pharmaceutical tariffs could hit Americans directly — at the pharmacy counter.
